We know that when constants and variables of different types are mixed in an expression, C applies automatic type conversion to the operands as per certain rules.Similarly,an assignment operation also causes the automatic type conversion.THe type of data to the right of an assignment operator is automatically converted to the type of the variable on …
A destructor, as the name implies is used to destroy the objects that have been created by a constructor. Like a constructor, the destructor is a member function whose name is same as the class name but is preceded by a tilde (~). For example, the destructor for the class integer can be defined as …
Introduction We know that function play an important role in C program development.Dividing a program into function is one of the major principles of top-down, structured programming.Another advantages of using functions is that it is possible to reduce the size of a program by calling and using them at different plcaes in the program. Recall …
Introduction A constructor is a special member function whose task is to initialise the object of its class.it is special because its name is same as the class name.The constructor is invoked whenever an object of its associated class is created.It is called constructor because it construct the values of data member of the class. …
Operator Let’s start off by overloading a unary operator. unary operators act on only one operand. (An operand is simply a variable acted on by an operator.) Examples of unary operators are the increment and decrement operators ++ and –. #include <iostream> using namespace std; class Counter { private: unsigned int count; public: Counter() …
Introduction Operator overloading is one of the most exciting features of object-oriented programming. It can transform complex, obscure program listings into intuitively obvious ones. For example, statements like d3.addobjects(d1, d2); or the similar but equally obscure d3 = d1.addobjects(d2); can be changed to the much more readable d3 = d1 + d2; The …
Reference Variable C++ introduces new kind of variable known as the reference variable.A reference variable provide an alias (alternative name) for a previously defined variable. A reference variable is created as follow: data_type & reference-name = variable-name; For example, float total = 100; float& sum = total; cout << total; cout << sum; …
C++ : Reference Variable, Manipulator and Scope Resolution Operator Read More »
User-Defined Data Types Structure General form of structure definition is as follow: struct name { data type member1; data type member2; … … }; Structure important points are: 1. A structure is defined with struct keyword. 2. All the members of structure can be manipulated simultenously. 3. The size of a structure object …
Tokens The smallest individual units in a program are known as tokens. C++ has following tokens: Keywords Identifier Constants Strings Operators A C++ program is written using these tokens, white space and the syntax of the language.Most of the c++ tokens are basically similar to the c tokens with the exception of some addition and …
Simple C++ Program #include <iostream> Using namespace std; int main() { int number1; cin >> “Enter number1”; cout << number1; cout << “c++ is better than c n”; return 0; } Program feature Like C, the C++ program is a collection of function. The above example contain only one function main(). As usual execution …
